Can I file a tutela action for the payment of an incapacity for work?

It depends. If the non-payment of disability is situated in a critical economic situation, the tutela will proceed. It is key to remember that people living with HIV-AIDS deserve special protection, so it must be stated in the tutela that it is a critical economic situation, in which the disability has not been paid and it is the only source of income (Sentencia T-201/05, T-743/09).